This page provides a breakdown on a specific component of a Reference list citation. You can find the very basics and advanced details that help you construct your citations to fit the needs of the source you are citing.
If you are looking for full examples of Reference list citations, please see the Reference Examples guide.
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List the Date the item was published after the Author information.
Rudd, A. & Gordon, B. S. (2010).
Provide the year the item was published, posted, or produced in parentheses and close it with a period.
In most cases, you only need to include the year- not the full date. In limited circumstances you can include the full Date. See below for details.
Only include the full date for the item if there is no additional way of pin pointing that exact item. For example, a full date is needed for a newspaper article because searching a year's worth of newpapers is too time consuming when an exact date will get you to the right issue. As a general rule, include the full date for magazine articles, newspaper articles, online postings, and online videos. Example: Kelley, S. (2007, November 25).
If an item provides no Date information, simply write n.d. in the parentheses. Example: Thompson, C. F. (n.d.).
If you are citing multiple items by the same author that were created the same year (e.g. multiple webpages on the same website), distinguish the sources by including letters in the Date information. Example:
Rollins, R. T., & Hammonds, P. M. (2008a).
Rollins, R. T., & Hammonds, P. M. (2008b).
